Electrode for the evolution of ozone from oxygen or atmospheric air.



No. 894,818. PATENTED AUG. 4, 1908. J. R. CRAIG, JR.

ELECTRODE FOR THE EVOLUTION OF OZONE FROM OXYGEN OR ATMOSPHERIC AIR.

APPLIO T N FILED APR. 190

A 10 8 2SHEETSSHEET 1.

WITHESSES INVEI'ITDR i7 TTOHNEV.

PATENTED AUG. 4, 1908. J. R. CRAIG, JR ELECTRODE FOR THE EVOLUTION OF OZONE PROM OXYGEN OR ATMOSPHERIC AIR.

A TTURHEV.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 6,1908.

the cage or receptacle and to be acted upon cle; fourthly, to provide a simple and efiicient 'means for assembling a number of electrode will be hereinafter fully described and UNITED sra i rs PATENT orrrcn JOHN RICHARDSON CRAIG, JR., OF GLASGOW, SCOTLAND.

ELECTRODE FOR THE EVOLUTION OF OZONE FROM OXYGEN OR ATMOSPHERIC Am.

, Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 4, 1908.

Application filed April 6, 1908. Serial No. 425,382.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN RICHARDSON CRAIG, Jr., subject of the King of Great Britain, and resident of Glasgow, Scotland, have invented certain new and useful Im rovements in Electrodes for the Evolution of Ozone from Oxygen or Atmospheric Air, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accom anying drawings.

This invention'relates to electrodes for the evolution of ozone from oxygen or atmospheric air, by the silent discharge of high tension electric current.

The object of the invention is, first, to provide a simple and efficient electrode unit and combination of electrode units forming a compound electrode, for the discharge of the electric current, whereby the extent or amount of discharging surface desired to be exposed in one of the compound electrodes may be regulated from the minimum to the maximum; secondly, a simple and eificient units in proper relation to each other within a frame in a manner to permit the ready application or removal of the electrode units to or from the frame; thirdly, a simple and efficient means of assembling together number of electrode frames within a cage or receptacle, in a manner to permit air to pass through b the electric current discharged from the el ectrode units; and also in a manner to permit each individual frame to be readily applied to or removed from the cage or rece tameans for supporting the receptacle or cage within an air-passageway, in a manner to permit the receptacle to be readily introduced to or removed from the passageway.

The invention consists in the novel construction and combinations of parts which claimed.

In the drawings :Figure 1 is an elevation of one form of electrode embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is an elevation of another form of electrode embodying my invention. Fig. 3 is an edge view of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is an elevation of another form of electrode embodying my invention. Fig. 5 is an edge view thereof. Fig. 6 is an elevation of another form, and Fig. 7, an edge View thereof. Fig. 8 is an elevation of a frame for carrying a plurality of electrodes or electrode units I havin 10 is a side elevation such as shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3. Fig. 9 is an end view of an air pipe or passage way suitably sup orted therein, a cage carrying a number or franies provided with electrodes all embodying my invention. Fig. of'Fig. 9, partly broken away.

The electrode or electrode unit shown in Fig. 1, consists of a strip of micam'te, or other similar di-electric medium 1 on each side edge of which, near the top and near the bottom thereof, is provided a metal projection 2, having an eye 3 therein, said projection being suitably secured to the di-electric medium, as shown. Arranged on the re spective sides of the di-electric medium are metal springs 4, which are stretched between the projections 2, and engaged therewith, the ends of the springs being provided with hooks which are engaged with the eyes 3-. The two opposed metal projections 2 are connected'to I wires 5 and- 6, which in turn are adapted to be connected to the high tension terminals of an induction coil or alternating current transformer. Thus it will be seen that the s rings 4, when charging and discharging t e dielectric medium, will vibrate synchronously with the interruptions or cycles of the high tension current. The projections 2 must be arranged far enough apart to prevent a spark bridging the air gap between them.

When the highest efiiciency is not absolutely necessary, and when it is desired to have a discharge which will be practically noiseless, the springs 4 are dispensed with, and I employ an electrode or an electrode unit such as is shown in Figs. 2 and 3. In this construction, I employ a dielectric medium 7, similar in shape and size to-the dielectric medium 1.shown in Fig. 1,.and, I secure to the di-electric medium 7 metal clips 8, arranged similarly to the metal projections 2 in Fig. 1. Arranged on the respective sides of the dielectric medium 7, and extending between the metal clips 8, are threaded metal wires 9, or their equivalents, having their ends inserted in the said clips. Instead of using the threaded metal wires 9, thin strips of metallic gauze or the like may be employed.

In Fig. 8 is shown a complete or compound electrode, employing a number of individual electrode units such as shown in Fig. 1. The construction shown in this figure comprises a light 'metal rectangular frame 10, the inner sides of the top and bottom bars of which are provided with corru ated metal strips 11, or their equivalent. he corrugations of the metal strips 11 form oppositely dis osed.

rooves into which are inserted in para el reation to each other, a number of electrodes such as is shown in Fig. 1, theseelectrodes ap earing in edge view in Fig. 8.

he frame 10 may be filled with electrodes such as that shown in Fig. 1, or it maybe filled with electrodes such as that shown in Figs. 2 and 3; or it may be filled with both forms of electrodes, shown in Fig. 1 and Figs. v2 and 3, used collectively.

In the constructions shown in Figs. 4, 5, 6, and 7, the di-electric medium 12, is a sheet of glass or the like. The metallic discharging units, 13, may be clipped, stretched, or suspended on the flat surface of the glass, to which a strip or rod 14 is fitted on one or both sides of the glass sheet, preferably at the top and bottom. The glass'may be bored near the four corners, to take screw ins 15 having nuts or the like to hold the rods in position; or the rods may be clamped at the outside edges of the glass sheet to save boring the latter. In this construction the metallic dischargers 13, which may be conveniently constructed of metal gauze fixed to spring wire carriers having suitable clips, may be arranged alternately on the top and bottom bars 14, such arrangement providing for the charging and discharging of the di-electric by live units of opposite sign on one and the same side of the di-electric sheet, as also on op osite sides.

0' carry a battery of electrodes, I use a metallic frame or cage 16, shown in Figs. 9 and 10, consisting of metal hoops 17 held together on the outside by two 0 positely disosed, .T-iron bars 18. The 00 s 17 are eld together on the inside thereo by longitudinally-arranged and o positel -d1s osed, channel iron bars 19, whic extend the ength of the frame or cage and are secured to the hoops 17 thereof in any convenient manner. These channel bars 19 are adapted to receive the upper and lower edges of the electrodes of any one of the forms of electrodes shown in Figs. 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8. In Figs. 9 and 10, I have shown the frame or cage provided with electrodes such as is shown in Fig. 8. Thus it will be seen that the channel irons 19 form receptacles for the electrodes or units of the battery, which units are thereby rendered accessible for the removal or addition of the metallic dischargers, as may be re uired for altering the capacit of the electro es.

The frame 16 is esigned to be inserted in a cylindrical air passageway 20, (Figs. "9 and 10). The opposite interior side wa ls of the air assageway 20 are provided with opposite y-disposed channel bars 21, extendlng longitudinally of the passa eway, and ar-- ranged for the reception 0 the projecting ribs 22 of the T-iron bars 18 of the frame 16,

equivalent in num er to each charging surfaces,'so that, as w en mica or whereby the frame 16 may be readily inserted in or removed from the air passageway 20. Thus it will be seen that air, in passin throu h the passageway 20, will be acted upon y the electrodes in its path, forthe production of ozone.

It is obvious that the invention is capableof considerable modification in regard to details such as the formation of the dischargers, but one of the essential features of the invention is the provision of electrodes ca able of being built up in sections, the meta ic discharging medium bein detachable in units, t e atter being posltioned in such a manner that a delicate or thin di-electric supporting them may be protected from injury y an electrical discharge, such dielectric being the only insulator used within a metal electrode-frame or carrier.

7 By the construction hereinbefore described, I am enabled to divide the di-electric or inductive medium, usually interposed between the discharging surfaces, into units air of dismicanite is used, 812381156 may be saved, warping avoided, an any damaged or de fective unit removed without disturbin its neighbors, thus saving inconvenience 0 renewal and repair.

I have found that micanite (usually a composition of mica and shellac) interposed as a sin le sheet between dischar ing media, penshes and is pierced after eing in use some little time, and occasionally large and expensive sheets have thus been practically destroyed. By arranging my complete electrodes in units, it is posslble and convenient to fix or sus end the dischargin surfaces on the edges 0 the di-electric me ium, sa at the vertical ends, instead of, as hereto ore, on the fiat surface, provided that the discharging surfaces are placed far enough a art to prevent sparking across in the air.

e advantages of this arrangement are obvious, as it enables me to retain the usev of micanite, which is a light and workable dielectric, but I may use any other suitable dielectric medium in units arranged on one com ound electrode.

The discharging surfaces on each unit may be fitted or sus ended in any convenient manner, but re erably will consist of a column of spira wire, in the form of a spiral spring, having a convenient form of hook or other attachment at each end, as shown in Fig. 1, so that the spiral wire o1 spring may be attached to, or removed from, two supports on the di-electric, near to each end of the stri the spiral being under tension between t e two points of support. The units may be electrically connected in any convenient manner, and each di-electric medium or unit will be capable of being mounted on a metallic removable frame, so that any reasonable number of units may constitute the complete electrode.

Having thus described my invention, I

claim as new and desire to secure by Letters 1 Patent 1. An electrode for the purpose described, comprising a pair of dischargin units for the electric current, a di-electric plate arranged edgewise between said units, and means for detachably securing the units to the plate, substantially as set forth.

2. An electrode for the urpose described, comprising a dielectric p ate, provided-with projections on the opposite edges thereof, and discharging units for the electric current extending between the said projections, substantially as set forth.

3. An electrode for the urpose described, comprising a di -electric p ate provided with projections on the opposite edges thereof, discharging units for the electric current extending between said projections, and means for detachably securm said units to said projections, substantial y as set forth.

A. An electrode for the purpose described,

comprising a pair of discharging units for the electric current each in the form of a coiled spring, a di-electric plate arranged edgewise between said units, and means for detachabl securing the units to the plate, substantial y as set forth.

5. An electrode for the purpose described comprising a di-electric plate provided with perforated projections on the opposite edges thereof, discharging units for the electric current extending between said projections, and provided with hooks in engagement with said projections, substantially as set forth.

6. An electrode for the purpose described, comprlsing a frame, a plurality of di-electric plates having their edges secured in the frame, and discharging units for the electric current secured to said plates, substantially plates arranged within the frame, discharg-.

ing units for the electric current secured to said lates, andsa'id plates extending edgewise etween said units, substantially as set forth.

8. An electrode for the purpose .described,

comprising a frame, a plurality of ,di-electric lates having their edges secured in the 'ame, discharging units for the electric current secured to said plates, and said plates extending edgewise between said units, substantially as set forth.

9. A plurality of electrodes for the purpose described, arranged in parallel relation .to each other, and a frame for said electrodes including channel bars into which the electrodes are inserted, substantially as set forth.

10. A plurality of electrodes for the pur-' pose described arranged in parallel relation to each other, and'a frame comprising transversely-arranged rings and longitudinallyarranged channel bars into which the electrodes are inserted, substantially as set forth.

11. A plurality-of electrodes for the purpose described arranged in parallel relation to each' other, a frame into which the elec- 'trodes are inserted, op ositely disposed T- bars extending longitu inally of the frame, and an air passageway surrounding the frame and provided with oppositely disposed channel bars into which the ribs of said T bars are inserted substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto aflixed my signature.

' JOHN RICHARDSON CRAIG, JR. Witnesses:

ALFRED THOMAS BURBERG, H. D. JAMEsoN. 

